An List Of: Talking Therapies/Counselling

An List Of: Talking Therapies/Counselling For Mental Health/Depression: Primal Integration (PI): en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primal_integration

Primal Integration (PI) is a form of personal growth work first formulated by the Canadian Bill Swartley in the mid 1970s.

Unlike many other psychotherapies, it puts the emphasis on individuals directing exploration of their own psyche assisted by facilitators who serve the individual and are responsible for their safety.

It is considered to be part of humanistic psychology.

During the late 1970s Swartely traveled in Europe and was instrumental in setting up centres for Primal Integration in Italy and Britain.

Centres also exist in Canada and the USA.

Its theoretical basis emphasizes early trauma in shaping an individual's consciousness.

It claims that trauma that takes place before, during and soon after birth have strong influences on how someone interprets and copes with future life.

These early preverbal trauma, as well as later difficult childhood experiences, can only be fully recognized by re-living the experience at an emotional level.

This emotional expression of deep memory is called a \"primal\".

Its expression begins the process of integration of the experience into the personality of the individual and the re-adjustment of his or her world view. [1]

Primal Integration was developed in parallel to the Primal therapy of Arthur Janov and shares some similarities with it, as well as the name \"Primal\".

There is a difference in the theoretical approach which comes down to the use of a medical model in Janov's work and a holistic model in PI.

The early practitioners of Primal Integration founded the International Primal Association (IPA), which had a court struggle with Janov in 1974 when he claimed the word \"Primal\" as his own and tried to prevent them using it in their name.

The court found against Janov but at great financial cost to the IPA.

Since those early years, the IPA and Primal Integration practitioners have facilitated thousands of individuals on their healing path and have brought their theory and philosophy to countries throughout the world.

The IPA's journals, website, conventions, retreats and newsletters have been promoting Primal for 35 years.

An List Of: Talking Therapies/Counselling For Mental Health/Depression: Primal Therapy: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primal_therapy

Primal Therapy is a trauma-based psychotherapy created by Arthur Janov, Ph.D.

Janov claimed that in Primal Therapy, patients would find their real needs and feelings in the process of experiencing all their \"Pain\" (capitalized technical term of Primal Theory--see below).

One of the fundamental principles of Primal Therapy remains that therapeutic progress can only be made through direct emotional experience, which allows access to the source of psychological pain in the lower brain and nervous system.

According to Primal Theory, psychological therapies which involve only talking about the problem (referred to as \"Talking Therapies\") are of limited effectiveness because the cortex, or higher reasoning area of the brain, has no ability to affect the real source of psychological pain in other areas of the brain.

This is emphasised throughout the writings of Arthur Janov.

The absence of peer-reviewed outcome studies to substantiate these claims led to the therapy falling out of favor in academic and psychotherapeutic circles.

There seems to be no documented evidence of other, completely independent psychologists replicating Dr Janov's claims.

However, Dr. Janov and his associates have continued practicing the therapy and providing it at his Center[1] in Santa Monica, California.

Primal Therapy received public attention after ex-Beatle John Lennon sought treatment from Arthur and Vivian Janov.

His experience in therapy heavily influenced his 1970 John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band solo album.

An List Of: Talking Therapies/Counselling For Mental Health/Depression: Process Oriented Psychology: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_Oriented_Psychology

Process Oriented Psychology refers to a body of theory and practice that encompasses a broad range of psychotherapeutic, personal growth, and group process applications.

It is more commonly called Process Work in the United States, the longer name being used in Europe and Asia.

An List Of: Talking Therapies/Counselling For Mental Health/Depression: Provocative Therapy: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provocative_Therapy

Frank Farrelly is the author of a book called Provocative Therapy focusing on radical therapeutic moves intended to jolt the client out of his current mindset.

This approach was modeled by Richard Bandler during the early years of Neuro-Linguistic Programming.

Provocative therapy was developed in an inpatient ward as Farrelly, dissatisfied with his effectiveness as a therapist, and influenced by Carl Rogers and Spurgeon English, began to explore new procedures for promoting significant, resilient change in chronic and recalcitrant patients.

He worked in this institutional setting for 17 years, continuing to develop and refine his techniques.

In the late 1970s the Temple University Psychiatric Department held a conference, Analysing the Analyst, where Farrelly gave a number of demonstrations of his work. It was during this period that Richard Bandler and John Grinder began to take an interest in his ideas.

Many who have observed both Bandler and Farrelly believe that Provocative Therapy has had a significant influence on the development of the NLP approaches and attitudes.[1]

Farrelly holds a Master's Degree in Social Work from The Catholic University Of America and is a member of the Academy of Certified Social Workers.

For many years he was a clinical professor at the University of Wisconsin School of Social Work and an assistant clinical professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Wisconsin Medical School.

Jaap Hollander, Ph.D. with help of Dr. Graham Dawes and René Duba defined the Farrelly Factors. 39 behaviors, strategic patterns and mental activities that Frank Farrelly does, feels and thinks when working with a client[2]

Farrelly has been described by one of his clients as \"The kindest, most understanding man I have ever met in my whole life, wrapped up in the biggest son of a bitch I have ever met.\"[3]

Along with the book Provocative Therapy and numerous articles [4], Farrelly (in collaboration with Nick Kemp) recorded the cd Me and God - a humorous autobiographical account of his life and work.

Farrelly was born into an Irish-American family as the ninth of twelve children.

During his workshops he often references his childhood experiences and how these were a key influence on his work.

An List Of: Talking Therapies/Counselling For Mental Health/Depression: Psychedelic Psychotherapy: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_psychotherapy

Psychedelic Psychotherapy refers to psychotherapeutic practices involving the use of psychedelic drugs.

As an alternative to synonyms such as \"hallucinogen\", \"entheogen\", \"psychotomimetic\" and other functionally constructed names, the use of the term psychedelic (\"mind-manifesting\") emphasizes the ability of psychedelic drugs to facilitate exploration of the psyche, which is fundamental to most methods of psychedelic psychotherapy.

An List Of: Talking Therapies/Counselling For Mental Health/Depression: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy: (This article needs additional citations for verification):

Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychoanalysis

Today psychoanalysis comprises several interlocking theories concerning the functioning of the mind.

The term also refers to a specific type of treatment where the analyst, upon hearing the thoughts of the analysand (analytic patient), formulates and then explains the unconscious basis for the patient's symptoms and character problems.

Unconscious functioning was first described by Sigmund Freud, who modified his theories several times over a period of almost 50 years (1889-1939) of attempting to treat patients who suffered with mental problems.

In the past 70 years or so, infant and child research, and new discoveries in adults have led to further modification of theory.

During psychoanalytic treatment, the patient tells the analyst various thoughts and feelings. The analyst listens carefully, formulates, then intervenes to attempt to help the patient develop insight into unconscious factors causing the problems.

The specifics of the analyst's interventions typically include confronting and clarifying the patient's pathological defenses, wishes and guilt.

Through the analysis of resistance (unconscious barriers to treatment), and transference to the analyst of expectations, psychoanalysis aims to unearth wishes and emotions from prior unresolved conflicts, in order to help the patient perceive and resolve lingering problems.

(This article needs additional citations for verification).